General
Barn Swallow: Medium-sized swallow with glittering blue-black upperparts and red-brown forehead. Breast is red-brown with dark band and belly is white to orange. Tail is deeply forked with long outer streamers. Female and juvenile are duller and have shorter tail streamers.
Range and Habitat
Barn Swallow: Breeds from Alaska east across Canada to Newfoundland and south throughout most of the U.S.; spends winters in the tropics and Eurasia. Preferred habitats include agricultural lands, suburban areas, marshes, and lakeshores.
Breeding and Nesting
Barn Swallow: Four to seven brown marked, white eggs are laid in a solid cup of mud reinforced with grass, lined with feathers and soft plant material, and built under or on a rafter in a building or sheltered ledge. Incubation ranges from 13 to 17 days and is carried out by both parents.
Foraging and Feeding
Barn Swallow: Diet includes insects such as grasshoppers, crickets, dragonflies, beetles, and moths. Barn swallows are quite opportunistic, and are often found following tractors engaged in plowing or mowing to take advantage of disturbed insects.
Vocalization
Barn Swallow: Song consists of constant, liquid twittering and chattering.
Similar Species
Barn Swallow: Cliff Swallow has blue-black upperparts and squared tail. Cave Swallow has blue-black upperparts, brown rump, and squared tail.