Black Phoebe

Sayornis nigricansOrder: PASSERIFORMES Family: Flycatchers (Tyrannidae)

Codes: Common Name: BLPH Scientific Name: SAYNIG ITIS Taxonomic No.: 178330

Breeding Location:

Grassland with scattered trees, Rocky places

Breeding Type:

Monogamous, Solitary nester

Breeding Population:

Common near water

Egg Color:

White, sometimes with red brown spots

Number of Eggs:

3 - 6

Incubation Days:

15 - 17

Egg Incubator:

Female

Nest Material:

Made of mud pellets and moss and lined with vegetation.

Migration:

Some migrate

General

Black Phoebe: Medium-sized flycatcher with mostly black body and white belly. Outer tail feathers and undertail coverts are white. Sexes are similar. Juvenile has subtle brown scales on back.

Range and Habitat

Black Phoebe: Resident in northern California and southwestern U.S.; also occurs in the tropics. Preferred habitats include shady areas near water, streams, ponds, and lakes; occurs in city parks and open chaparral in winter.

Breeding and Nesting

Black Phoebe: Three to six white eggs, sometimes with red brown spots, are laid in a mud, moss, and grass nest lined with soft material, often feathers or cow hair, and built under a bridge, on a sheltered ledge, in a crevice, in an old building, or in hanging roots near the top of an embankment close to water. Incubation ranges from 15 to 17 days and is carried out by the female.

Foraging and Feeding

Black Phoebe: Hunts for food from a low, shaded perch where it watches for insects and swoops down to catch them in mid-air. Occasionally snatches food from the water's surface, ground, or vegetation; also eats small fish caught at the water's surface. Coughs up indigestible insect parts in the form of pellets.

Readily Eats

Meal Worms

Vocalization

Black Phoebe: Song is a thin, buzzing "pi-tsee", usually repeated. Call is a sharp, down-slurred "chip."

Similar Species

Black Phoebe: Eastern Phoebe has olive-gray sides and breast; gray-brown upperparts, and white underparts. Eastern Kingbird is larger, has black head, gray-black upperparts, and white underparts.

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Bird Call Credits: The Macaulay Library of Natural Sounds at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Martyn Stewart, http://www.naturesound.org, Redmond, Washington USA. The reuse or copying of bird calls in this database is strictly forbidden.

Black Phoebe

Black Phoebe: Medium flycatcher, mostly black body and white belly. Outer tail feathers and undertail coverts are white. Bill, legs, feet are black. Feeds primarily on insects, sometimes small fish. Weak fluttering bouyant flight with shallow wing beats. Sallies from perch to catch insects in air.

● Song: "seek"

● Foraging & Feeding: Black Phoebe: Hunts for food from a low, shaded perch where it watches for insects and swoops down to catch them in mid-air. Occasionally snatches food from the water's surface, ground, or vegetation; also eats small fish caught at the water's surface. Coughs up indigestible insect parts in the form of pellets.

● Breeding & nesting: Black Phoebe: Three to six white eggs, sometimes with red brown spots, are laid in a mud, moss, and grass nest lined with soft material, often feathers or cow hair, and built under a bridge, on a sheltered ledge, in a crevice, in an old building, or in hanging roots near the top of an embankment close to water. Incubation ranges from 15 to 17 days and is carried out by the female.

● Similar species: Black Phoebe: Eastern Phoebe has olive-gray sides and breast; gray-brown upperparts, and white underparts. Eastern Kingbird is larger, has black head, gray-black upperparts, and white underparts.

Flight Pattern

Weak fluttering flight with shallow wing beats.

● Range & Habitat: Black Phoebe: Resident in northern California and southwestern U.S.; also occurs in the tropics. Preferred habitats include shady areas near water, streams, ponds, and lakes; occurs in city parks and open chaparral in winter.

^BreedingMonogamous, Solitary nester

^PopulationCommon near water

^MigrationSome migrate

^Weight0.7 Ounces

Undertail coverts

Small feathers that cover the areas where the retrices (tail feathers) attach to the rump.

Belly

The ventral part of the bird, or the area between the flanks on each side and the crissum and breast. Flight muscles are located between the belly and the breast.

Outer tail feathers

The tail feathers farthest from the center.

4 and 6 letter alpha codes

The four letter common name alpha code is is derived from the first two letters of the common first name and the first two letters of common last name. The six letter species name alpha code is derived from the first three letters of the scientific name (genus) and the first three letters of the scientific name (species). See (1) below for the rules used to create the codes..

Four-letter (for English common names) and six-letter (for scientific names) species alpha codes were developed by Pyle and DeSante (2003, North American Bird-Bander 28:64-79) to reflect A.O.U. taxonomy and nomenclature (A.O.U. 1998) as modified by Supplements 42 (Auk 117:847-858, 2000) and 43 (Auk 119:897-906, 2002). The list has been updated by Pyle and DeSante to reflect changes reported by the A.O.U from 2003 through 2006.

Field Guide to Birds of North America

Black Phoebe

Breeding Location:

Breeding Type:

Breeding Population:

Egg Color:

Number of Eggs:

Incubation Days:

Egg Incubator:

Nest Material:

Migration:

Recommended Products:

General

Range and Habitat

Breeding and Nesting

Foraging and Feeding

Readily Eats

Vocalization

Similar Species

Black Phoebe

Flight Pattern