Visual Search | Wizard | Browse
Bird name:

Spruce Grouse

Falcipennis canadensisOrder: GALLIFORMES Family: Turkeys and Grouse (Phasianidae)
Codes: Common Name: SPGR Scientific Name: FALCAN ITIS Taxonomic No.: 553896
Least Concern
 
Spruce Grouse
Copyright © 2004 - 2008 Whatbird.com






Rate this Illustration: Excellent Very Good Good
Fair Below Avg Poor

Birdman Mel's Backyard Tips

Clingers Only Feeder
Weather resistant inexpensive feeder is ideal for small birds.
Suet Delight
Easy to hang and maintain, holds all kinds of packaged suet.
Ultimate Woodpecker Feeder
Only allows woodpeckers to feed made of Inland Cedar.
The No-No Copper Feeder
Beautiful copper feeder holds 2.5 lbs of sunflower seeds.
Attracting Clingers

Overview

Spruce Grouse: Medium grouse with barred, dark gray-brown upperparts, black underparts show white bars on breast, white chevrons on sides, belly. Throat is white-bordered black; red eye combs. Tail is either black with fine white spots near base (Franklin's) or black with rufous-brown tip (Tiaga).

Range and Habitat

Spruce Grouse: Found in coniferous forests of extreme northern U.S., throughout boreal forests of Canada, and Alaska. Prefers dense pine forests of early to mid successional stages. Also found in spruce forests.

Topo Map: Perching-like Body


Listen to Call

Voice Text

"whuh whuh whuh whuh", "cow cow cacacaca", "sreep", "heep"

Interesting Facts

 The Spruce Grouse has great confidence in its camouflage, and will often stay still even when approached within a few feet. It is this characteristic that has earned them the nickname "Fool Hens".

 During the winter months, however, they become very skittish due to a lack of camouflage; they take flight when approached within 20-150 feet.

 In winter, when the bird must eat more food to maintain its mass and energy balance, the gizzard grows by about 75 percent, and other sections of the digestive tract increase in length by about 40 percent.

 A group of grouse has many collective nouns, including a "chorus", "covey", "drumming", "grumbling", and "leash" of grouse.


Bird Term Glossary



Author

Ashli Maruster

Artist

Irina Rud-Volga

Splitbar
Range Map for Spruce Grouse

.
Family Grouse (Phasianidae)_blue
Species Falcipennis canadensis
Length15 - 17 Inches
Wingspan22 Inches

Spruce Grouse

Spruce Grouse: Medium grouse with barred, dark gray-brown upperparts, black underparts show white bars on breast, white chevrons on sides, belly. Throat is white-bordered black; red eye combs. Tail is either black with fine white spots near base (Franklin's) or black with rufous-brown tip (Tiaga).

● Song: "whuh whuh whuh whuh", "cow cow cacacaca", "sreep", "heep"

● Foraging & Feeding: Spruce Grouse: Majority of diet made up of conifer needles, particularly pine needles. Also feeds on a variety of herbaceous plants, leaves, and flowers. Occasionally takes insects.

● Breeding & nesting: Spruce Grouse: Monogamous. Nest is a scrape or depression on the ground often at the base of a conifer. Female lays five to ten brown marked, buff to pink or light brown eggs and incubates for 21 to 24 days. Precocial young leave the nest as soon as they are dry, return to female to brood frequently at at night. Young stay with female for 10 to 15 weeks.

● Similar species: Spruce Grouse: Ruffed Grouse is larger, has a small crest, dark subterminal tail band, and dark patch on side of neck. Male lacks red eye comb. Dusky and Sooty Grouse are dusky and sooty in color, males have yellow or orange comb above eyes. Sooty Grouse has wide, gray tipped terminal band on tail.

Flight Pattern

Alternates between rapid, strong flapping flight and gliding, short flights
Spruce Grouse Body Illustration
● Range & Habitat: Spruce Grouse: Found in coniferous forests of extreme northern U.S., throughout boreal forests of Canada, and Alaska. Prefers dense pine forests of early to mid successional stages. Also found in spruce forests.
BreedingMonogamous
PopulationDeclining in the South
MigrationNonmigratory
Weight17.6 Ounces
Perching-like BodyX
UnderpartsX
Belly, undertail coverts, chest, flanks, and foreneck.
UpperpartsX
Back, rump, hindneck, wings, and crown.
BellyX
The ventral part of the bird, or the area between the flanks on each side and the crissum and breast. Flight muscles are located between the belly and the breast.
BreastX
The upper front part of a bird.
4 and 6 letter alpha codesX

The four letter common name alpha code is is derived from the first two letters of the common first name and the first two letters of common last name. The six letter species name alpha code is derived from the first three letters of the scientific name (genus) and the first three letters of the scientific name (species). See (1) below for the rules used to create the codes..

Four-letter (for English common names) and six-letter (for scientific names) species alpha codes were developed by Pyle and DeSante (2003, North American Bird-Bander 28:64-79) to reflect A.O.U. taxonomy and nomenclature (A.O.U. 1998) as modified by Supplements 42 (Auk 117:847-858, 2000) and 43 (Auk 119:897-906, 2002). The list has been updated by Pyle and DeSante to reflect changes reported by the A.O.U from 2003 through 2006.

Read more...
ITIS CodesX

The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) was established in the mid-1990�s as a cooperative project among several federal agencies to improve and expand upon taxonomic data (known as the NODC Taxonomic Code) maintained by the National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

To find the ITIS page for a bird species go to the ITIS web site advanced search and report page at http://www.itis.gov/advanced_search.html. You can enter the TSN or the common name of the bird. It will return the ITIS page for that bird. Another way to obtain the ITIS page is to use the Google search engine. Enter the string ITIS followed by the taxonomic ID, for example "ITIS 178041" will return the page for the Allen's Hummingbird.

Read more...
Parts of a Standing birdX
Head Feathers and MarkingsX
Parts of a Flying birdX